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AI Slop and Brain Rot

18 August 2026 by Clark Leave a Comment

I’ve been complaining about AI slop, probably not publicly, but clearly. And, I’ve been noticing the complaints about brain rot from using AI. Let’s be clear, this is an instance of people saying “AI” and meaning generative artificial intelligence, a subset. Still, both are being seen, and not surprisingly, they’re linked. At least, let me make the case that AI slop and brain rot are related.

AI slop, to be clear, is when folks are using AI to generate content. It can be passive, as that awful image that had me as one of the ‘wealthy influential L&D leaders’. Wealthy? As if (as in, in my dreams). Sorry, my bad habit of ‘standing up‘ for what I believe gets in the way, way too much! AI slop can also be interactive, such as the chatbots (textual or auditory) that are replacing people. In either case, it’s using an average of stolen intelligence to create responses, and that’s only minimally worthwhile even if, as Markus Bernhardt reminds us, we provide oversight. Which doesn’t happen, because it’s too cheap to just have AI create worthless content.

There is also the phenomena of brain rot, where people who use AI, unless using it well (which is rare) get dumber. If you outsource the mental challenge, you aren’t doing the work that maintains and builds mental capacity. We’re increasingly seeing evidence that folks who outsource to AI end up diminishing their capability. Unless they’re using it as an idea partner and a form of feedback – generating their own ideas and using the AI output as a check – they’re setting themselves up for failure. It’s like with your muscles, use ’em or lose ’em. Same with your brain.

Similarly, companies that let AI handle low-level tasks are breaking up the pathway to expertise. Sure, it’s a short-term win, but…what happens when the expertise retires, and you’ve no one who’s been developing to replace? Maybe AI will get good enough to handle that. But there’s also evidence that the technology is reaching the law of diminishing returns. And, what with the move to the market, the costs are likely to go up. Finally, the tech is optimal for language tasks; using it to do other things, such as numeric tasks, is a quick trip to inaccuracies. There are better approaches.

At core, my point is that the source of the problem is the same: the technology isn’t being used in ways consonant with it’s strengths. (Let alone in ways consonant with society as a whole!) We’re not using it to augment us in ways that are beneficial, instead we’re using it in ways that produce short-term savings at the expense of long-term benefits. And that, to me, is a path to a worse future, and I think we can do better.

Overall, the rush to ‘AI’ is pretty short-sighted. Like most things, we see an overexcitement, and then we face the reckoning. The problem is that this rush has been substantially bigger than any ever before, and the consequences of the resulting rationalization could be onerous. Maybe it’s time, as we’ve seen before, that we slow down and look at how to use this new tech appropriately. I like a meme I just heard: instead of move fast and break things, move slow and fix things. Is it time?

Knowing Cognition

11 August 2026 by Clark Leave a Comment

Regardless of what tech stack you’re using, it’s increasingly clear that tech is changing the environment in which we work. In particular our cognitive environment. The generative artificial intelligence wave has made clear that the ways we use technology are likely to change. There are lots of issues, so how do we handle it? As a complement to my post about technologies, I think that a necessary component of an AI approach will increasingly be an understanding of human learning, that is: knowing cognition.

Using ‘smart’ technologies is changing how we think, work, and learn. Ed Hutchins helped us understand distributed cognition, but we’re also seeing that it has effects if used wrongly. For instance, folks seem to be less connected because the technology substitutes. There are also impacts on what we learn when we use technology as a substitute for thinking, apparently an all-too-common phenomena. That means we need to know when, and how to use technology to supplement our thinking, not replace it.

And, yes, we definitely change how we do tasks when we can. With the advent of the GPS, we changed how we navigate. We no longer needed to bring, and be able to interpret, a mapbook. Though it helps to still be able to use one. Particularly when the GPS sends you awry. Similarly with digital address books; I don’t know my kids phone numbers, because they’re in my system!

Moreover, we prefer to outsource different things. Some folks still want to code, while I’ve left that. Others have handed off some tech responsibilities; my wife now depends on me to use the television! Which is all fine, if we’re making conscious decisions. When we become dependent on someone or something without recourse, however, we can face problems.

Which brings us to the question of how we make the decisions. I’ll suggest that if we don’t know what matters in our personal choices of cognition, we won’t make good decisions. That goes, by the way, for whoever is making decisions (we hear of execs who have unrealistic expectations of what the technology will do). I’ve long argued that what will be the sustainable knowledge base, going forward, is what technology can do (and what it can’t), and how people think. And work. And learn. Plus, some design and business basics, probably. That’s relevant here.

To make good decisions about what you can outsource, or not, depends on what its impact will be on your thinking. Does it support you making good decisions, and improving them? Or are you outsourcing them, and therefore diminishing your ability to make them? It may be as simple as that, but I believe it’s more. I’m probably biased, but even with that caveat, I’m inclined to think that everyone needs to know the basics of cognition. (Hence why I made my take freely available.)

I continue to think that we have to do the thinking first. It doesn’t have to be elegant, a sketch or a few bullets will do, but you have to do the important thinking first. Then, you can use tech to also address that thought, and use the tech as a way to get feedback. However, you’re the one analyzing results, seeing what it comes up with, improving your thoughts if it’s come up with something you like, and rejecting anything that doesn’t resonate. It’s a support, not a replacement.

I wanted my Learning Science book to not say ‘“or Instructional Designers” in the title, though the publisher realized that’s their market, because we’re all instructional designers. (And, to be fair, the later chapters err on the side of learning, as opposed to interface design or public speaking. Still…) Whether for ourselves, our kids, friends, there are always people we’re helping learn. We may not have the formal role, but we do a better job when we know how we think.

So, in addition to suggesting a focus on small hybrid multi-agent systems for AI, I also think we need to also personally know cognition, and learning in particular, so we know how and when to augment our thinking. And, when not to. That’s why I’m involved with the Learning Development Accelerator, by the way. And am working on a ‘learning to learn’ curriculum. Those are my thoughts, what are yours?

Small hybrid multi-agent systems

4 August 2026 by Clark Leave a Comment

So, I’ve been pretty harshly critical of the current generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) situation. Again, I have no problem with the tech itself, but the big providers I have several problems with. Not to rehash those objections, but I’ve been investigating alternatives. And, I think I’ve now converged on a solution: small hybrid multi-agent systems. I owe thanks to several informants, including Elizabeth Dalton, Markus Bernhardt, and Scott Parker.

First, despite my other objections, what I see is that the companies are pushing these changes as ‘inevitable’ as well as desirable. And, sadly, way too many orgs have jumped on board. Which, while understandable, isn’t desirable. What we’re now seeing are the results. Companies are hiring folks back that were fired. We’re also seeing that we’ve hollowed out the pathways for new hires to acquire the necessary skills. Which is part of the larger picture of negatively impacting learning.

Yet, I’ve been a proponent of AI in the past. The technologies on tap have real benefits, whether they’re AI or something that we now understand so we can’t call it AI anymore. So I need to converge on an integration. And, that utility for specific needs is the key to my reconciliation.

In interpersonal situations, I remain a strong belief in ‘partnering’. That is, recognizing that others have complementary knowledge to your own, and different perspectives. So, why have one supposedly all-seeing all-knowing solution, instead of smaller more targeted ones?

Ok, yes, there’re issues of cost. Right now, it’s seemingly cheap to get an AI to do your rote tasks. However, two things are relevant here. For one, the costs are going up. Companies are going public, and that means that they’ll have to start generating revenues to repay the venture capital investments. And we’re seeing that companies are realizing that their AI expenses are growing, to the extent in some cases where they’re more than the people they’re replacing. We’re also seeing that they haven’t yet faced all the incumbent costs: IP, environment, labor. That’ll change the game too.

The flip side is that smaller language models are more cost-effective. There are open source models that you can obtain,  install locally (or on private servers), train on specific documents, and use for specific purposes. Yes, there’s the development costs, but they’re more secure, faster, and less costly. As well as addressing the other concerns.

Moreover, you can have more than one. You can have specialized agents to handle X, Y, and Z. If it’s a language task, you can use a language model. If it’s another type of task, you can use another model. You can even mix in symbolic with sub symbolic, and programs versus AIs. If diversity is good for people, it also appears to be useful for systems. A mix of custom agents with an agreed upon interchange protocol is, it appears, more cost-effective, private, maintainable, and more.

Look, if you don’t mind the costs, and the questionable ownership of data, and security, and dumbing down your workforce, and … go with the big ones. They certainly will benefit. But if you want to be secure and sustainable, small hybrid multi-agent systems makes more sense to me, at least in many instances. Sure, language models trained on all the language out there is useful. Er, for general purpose language tasks. So make that one agent in your solution, if necessary (tho’ aren’t your language tasks typically more constrained?). Which, I’ll suggest, are a small subset of all the things you need to get done by technology. As I learned from the Aussies (originally a Brit saying), “horses for courses”, in this case meaning use the right tool for the job. Am I missing something?

Clark Quinn

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